12 warning signs of kidney disease

12 warning signs of kidney disease

Kidneys play a pivotal role in maintaining the body’s internal environment. They filter toxins and excess substances from the blood and contribute to the production of vital hormones. Kidney disease is a condition that silently affects millions worldwide. These organs, responsible for filtering waste and maintaining fluid balance, can experience distress that often goes unnoticed. Understanding the subtle yet crucial indicators equips individuals with the knowledge to seek timely medical attention.

1. Changes in urination patterns
Here are a few changes noticed in urination patterns:

  • Increased urination (polyuria)
    This happens when the kidneys struggle to concentrate urine, leading to frequent urination, including during the night. Factors like diabetes or excessive fluid intake can influence it. Polyuria can be distressing, as it can disrupt daily routines and sleep patterns.
  • Decreased urination (oliguria)
    In contrast, kidney disease can lead to reduced urine output. This occurs as the kidneys struggle to filter waste and regulate fluid balance. Oliguria can be a cause for concern, as it may indicate significant kidney impairment. It’s important to seek medical attention promptly if this symptom is observed.
  • Presence of blood in urine (hematuria)
    Hematuria, or blood in the urine, can be a sign of kidney distress. It can indicate damage to the nephrons, the microscopic filtering units within the kidneys. Hematuria may be visible to the naked eye or detected only through a urine test. It’s crucial to note that while it may be alarming, hematuria can also be caused by factors unrelated to kidney disease, such as urinary tract infections or kidney stones.
  • Foamy or bubbly urine
    Foamy or bubbly urine is a visual sign of potential kidney dysfunction. It is caused by excessive protein in the urine, a condition known as proteinuria. This occurs when the kidneys’ filtering units become impaired, allowing the protein to escape into the urine. While proteinuria is often associated with kidney disease, it can also be indicative of other health conditions. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional is essential for an accurate diagnosis.
  • Persistent fatigue and weakness
    Reduced production of erythropoietin, a hormone produced by the kidneys, can lead to anemia. This results in fatigue, weakness, and a general sense of lethargy. Fatigue associated with kidney disease can be particularly debilitating and impact daily activities. Anemia in kidney disease can be multifactorial, influenced by factors like reduced erythropoietin production and decreased iron absorption. Managing anemia is a crucial aspect of kidney disease treatment.
  • Swelling (edema)
    When the kidneys cannot regulate fluid balance, excess sodium and water can accumulate in the body’s tissues, leading to swelling. This is known as peripheral edema. Swelling may be observed in the lower extremities, hands, and face. It’s important to note that while edema can be a significant sign of kidney disease, it can also be caused by other health conditions. Therefore, a thorough evaluation is essential to determining the underlying cause.
  • High blood pressure (hypertension)
    Healthy kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure by controlling sodium levels and fluid balance. When kidney function is impaired, blood pressure may become elevated. Regularly monitoring blood pressure is essential. Hypertension in kidney disease can lead to further complications if not managed effectively. It’s important to implement lifestyle changes and, when necessary, treatments to maintain blood pressure within a healthy range.
  • Unexplained back pain
    Persistent pain in the upper back or sides, particularly near the kidneys, may indicate kidney issues. Kidney pain is usually felt deeper and higher in the back, beneath the ribs. It can be caused by inflammation, infection, or kidney swelling. A prompt medical evaluation is crucial to determining the cause and appropriate course of action. It’s worth noting that back pain can also be caused by factors unrelated to kidney disease, so a thorough assessment is essential for an accurate diagnosis.
  • Nausea and loss of appetite
    As waste products build up in the blood due to impaired kidney function, it can lead to a loss of appetite, accompanied by feelings of nausea and sometimes vomiting. This can significantly impact an individual’s nutritional intake and overall quality of life. Promptly addressing these symptoms is essential for comfort and proper kidney disease management. Additionally, managing food and fluid intake in consultation with a healthcare provider is crucial for individuals with kidney disease.
  • Difficulty sleeping
    Electrolyte imbalances, which can occur in kidney disease, can disrupt nerve and muscle function. This may lead to symptoms like muscle cramps or restless leg syndrome, making it difficult to fall asleep or stay asleep through the night. Disrupted sleep patterns can contribute to overall fatigue and impact daily functioning. Proper sleep hygiene and, when necessary, interventions to address electrolyte imbalances are important aspects of managing sleep difficulties in kidney disease.
  • Metallic taste in the mouth
    The accumulation of waste products can lead to alterations in taste perception. Some individuals with kidney disease report a persistent metallic or ammonia-like taste in the mouth, which can be bothersome and impact appetite. This symptom can be particularly challenging for those managing kidney disease. It’s important to communicate any changes in taste to a healthcare provider, as they may be indicative of underlying kidney dysfunction or other health conditions.
  • Shortness of breath
    Impaired kidney function can lead to fluid overload, resulting in shortness of breath. This is due to excess fluid accumulating in the lungs. It’s crucial to address this symptom promptly, as it can indicate a serious progression of kidney disease. Shortness of breath can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life, so effective management of fluid balance is essential.
  • Dry, itchy skin
    Kidneys play a role in regulating mineral and electrolyte balance, including phosphorus. When kidney function is compromised, phosphorus levels can rise, leading to skin irritation and itchiness. Dry, flaky skin can also result from inadequate hydration, which is common in kidney disease. Proper skincare and managing phosphorus levels are important for alleviating skin discomfort in individuals with kidney disease.

Recognizing these early signs of kidney disease is crucial for early intervention and an improved prognosis. If any of these indicators are present, seeking prompt attention and evaluation is essential for appropriate guidance. Early detection and effective management can significantly improve outcomes for individuals with kidney disease.

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Foods to Eat and Avoid for Optimal Kidney Health

Kidneys help filter waste from the blood and dispose of it off the body via urine. They also help balance the electrolyte and fluid levels in the body. But, conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes may intervene with their ability to work as required. Furthermore, damage to the kidney might also result in chronic kidney disease. Hence making changes in your meal plan is a vital aspect of treatment. You can prevent damage to these organs by following a kidney-healthy meal plan. Below, we will address some foods to eat and avoid for better kidney health. Foods to eat Cauliflower Cauliflower is a nutritious vegetable. It's an excellent source of folate, Vitamins B, K, and C. It's rich in anti-inflammatory compounds like indoles, a fiber source. In addition, you can use mashed cauliflower as a replacement for potatoes. For example, a cup of cooked cauliflower has 40 mg of phosphorous, 176 mg of potassium, and 19 mg of sodium. Sweet potatoes They are relatively similar to white potatoes but have more fiber content, resulting in them breaking down more gradually. Hence, you will experience a less spike in insulin levels. Sweet potatoes are also rich in vitamins and minerals like potassium that help balance the sodium levels in the body and lower their impact on the kidneys. But, since sweet potatoes have a high potassium content, people on dialysis or those with CKD should curtail the intake of this vegetable. Red bell peppers They are rich in flavor and low in potassium, but that is not the sole reason they are considered a hit among people with kidney disease. Red bell peppers have Vitamin C and A sources and are also high in fiber, folic acid, and B6 vitamin content. In addition, red bell peppers are also suitable because they have lycopene, an antioxidant that shields against some cancers. You can eat them raw with a dip, mix them into your salad, or enjoy them as an appetizer. Some people also like roasting bell peppers and using them as a topping for lettuce salads or sandwiches. Olive oil It contains healthy fat and has anti-inflammatory properties. Since it is monosaturated fat, it stays stable even at higher temperatures as you cook. Thus, switching to extra virgin olive oil can give you more antioxidants while you still enjoy your favorite dish. Green vegetables Leafy veggies like spinach, kale, romaine, arugula, and cabbage are hydrating, low in calories, and have high antioxidant and vitamin content. If you wish to be cautious about your mineral levels, you must opt for cabbage and arugula, which are nutrient-rich and lower in sodium, potassium, phosphorous, and calcium. In addition, kale and spinach have a high potassium content, which is ok for people seeking to improve their kidney health, but best for those already dealing with chronic kidney disease. Blueberries They are called superfoods because they are rich in antioxidants and are a low-calorie Vitamin-C and fiber source. You can stock them in abundance from your local grocery store or farmer’s market. You can also shop for frozen berries in the off-season and enjoy healthy smoothies. People with kidney diseases can also eat other berries like raspberries, cranberries, and strawberries. Apples Apples are low in potassium and rich in fiber when you eat them with peel. They also have a natural anti-inflammatory effect and are ideal for your kidneys. Foods to avoid Soda Soda has zero nutritional benefits and instead has high sugar content. It only adds to the extra calories. Some studies link high soda consumption to conditions like kidney disease, osteoporosis, dental problems, and metabolic syndrome. If you opt for their lower calorie alternative like coke zero, even that will do you no good, as it has no nutritional value and contains artificial sweeteners and additives. Hence, you must omit soda and opt for healthy beverages like water. If you do not enjoy plain water, add a slice or two of fresh fruit for added flavor. Avocados Avocadoes are known for their many nutritious qualities. They are rich in antioxidants, fiber, and heart-healthy fats. Even though consuming avocado is often considered healthy, people with kidney disease must avoid it as avocados have a high potassium content. An average-sized avocado has about 690 mg of potassium. If you love the taste and do not want to eliminate it, you can reduce the portion size to only 1/4th of the avocado. In addition, it will lower potassium intake.  Salty foods Sodium or salt is one of the most prevalent inclusions in foods you consume daily. However, their density is higher in processed foods. Salt results in water retention and may cause blood pressure, lung, and heart disease. Healthy kidneys work towards maintaining the correct fluid balance in the body. So, if your kidneys do not function as desired, the fluid balance may be disturbed. Hence, you must curtail sodium-rich foods like processed foods, packaged items, and soy sauce. When cooking meals at home, opt for low-sodium alternatives. You can replace salt with spices and herbs and keep the salt shaker off the table. Dairy Dairy products like yogurt, cheese, ice cream, and milk are rich in protein, calcium, and other vital nutrients. They also contain potassium and phosphorous. People with stage three kidney disease might want to curtail their potassium, phosphorous, and protein intake, which is high in dairy. So, you can instead reach out for dairy alternatives like rice, soy, or almond milk as they have lower potassium, phosphorous, and protein content than cow’s milk. Bananas Though naturally low in sodium, bananas' potassium content is significantly high. So, to ensure your kidney disease does not aggravate, monitor your potassium intake, and it might be challenging if the banana is your staple. Conclusion Whatever you eat or drink will affect your health regardless of any health issue. Therefore, maintaining a healthy weight and following a balanced meal plan are prerequisites to staying fit and controlling blood sugar levels. A kidney-healthy meal plan is less about eliminating certain foods but following portion control and finding a balance of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.

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11 foods that may help relieve migraine

As we go through life, we might experience various health issues. Some conditions can be cured, while others may require prescriptions to manage symptoms. However, one common ailment is migraines, which can cause intense headaches and throbbing pain. Healthcare professionals can suggest different treatments and therapies to alleviate the pain and improve the condition. Additionally, several home remedies include incorporating specific foods into one's meal plan, which could help manage migraines. Some of them are: Banana Banana is fantastic for a quick snack, gives an instant energy boost, and has health benefits that could reduce migraines. It is rich in magnesium, which is helpful when people develop severe headaches. Bananas are also about 74 percent water, which could help hydrate the body. One could grind the bananas to make a smoothie if they want to enjoy the food in a different form. One could combine it with other healthy vegetables and fruits to make the meal more enjoyable. However, speaking to a healthcare expert before changing a meal regime is important. Eggs Eggs are a staple in several households as they are easy to source and prepare and an affordable meal choice. One must consider preparing it in  scrambled form to derive health benefits. Eggs are nutrient-dense and are beneficial for those suffering from migraines. A few notable benefits derived from the food include magnesium, proteins, vitamins, and zinc, all of which help reduce the effects of migraines. One should avoid frying the egg as the oil used to prepare the dish may contain unhealthy fats that could prove unhealthy. Almonds Nuts like almonds could be added to an individual's food intake to fight migraines and their effects. Rich in magnesium, healthy fibers, and fats, the food source helps manage one's overall well-being. Therefore, someone who eats almonds might notice a significant improvement in migraine symptoms. Other nuts that are beneficial for migraines include Brazil nuts and cashews. Nonetheless, one should consult a healthcare professional about their daily consumption to avoid overeating almonds, which could have certain side effects. Flaxseeds Flaxseed is a go-to choice for most people with migraines. Magnesium deficiency is among the most common causes of persistent or cluster headaches. Since this seed is rich in magnesium, it could help reduce and manage throbbing migraines. Other healthy seeds to add to a meal include pumpkin and chia seeds. Pumpkin seeds are also high in fiber, which could improve bowel movements, especially in people where constipation is the leading cause of a migraine. Ginger The herb has been used in various remedies for centuries. Therefore, one could introduce ginger to their meal regime to counter the effects of migraines. Ginger extracts are known to increase serotonin, a chemical messenger that could stop migraines by reducing inflammation and restricting blood vessels. Moreover, the naturally occurring oil in ginger contains gingerols and shogaols, which have anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects. These may help in treating nausea and vomiting. One could consume ginger in its raw or powdered form or mix it into their food for its health benefits. Coffee While coffee may have certain health benefits for migraines, one should keep tabs on how much they consume. During a headache, the blood vessels swell, tighten, or go through other changes, which may increase the blood flow in the brain. The enhanced pressure around the nerves sends pain messages to the brain, which could bring on a migraine. Here's where coffee comes in handy. Its caffeine content has vasoconstrictive properties, which means blood vessels narrow to restrict blood flow, which may alleviate pain. However, if one finds that they are too reliant on coffee, they should speak to experts and devise a plan to manage intake. Watermelon Fruits like watermelon are high in water content and can help keep you hydrated, which is necessary to keep migraines in check. A fun way to introduce watermelon to a meal regime is by making a salad or sipping a refreshing watermelon fizz. Other water-rich fruits that could help fight migraines include avocados, cantaloupe, and melons. Blueberries Eating a handful of blueberries each morning may benefit from relieving migraines and other associated symptoms. The berries are rich in antioxidants, which are crucial in reducing inflammation. Therefore, eating them could help lower blood pressure, reducing vasodilation in blood vessels. The process contributes towards a lower number of throbbing migraines. Other berries to include in meal plans are strawberries, blackberries, and raspberries. To make the meal more interesting, one could make a smoothie by blending all the berries. Or toss them into a healthy cereal, yogurt, or salad. Spinach The leafy green vegetable is one of the top foods to fight symptoms of migraines. Spinach contains magnesium, which is known to prevent neurons from turning hypersensitive. As a result, it helps keep sudden migraines at bay. Due to its rich fiber content, other leafy green vegetables like kale may also help manage migraine symptoms. If one does not enjoy eating these alone, one can always blend them into soups and salads or consume them as chips for additional health benefits. Salmon Fish like salmon are highly effective in fighting migraines and their associated symptoms. The fatty fish is rich in omega-3 fatty acids -EPA and DHA - which provide anti-inflammatory properties to fight such severe headaches. Salmon also contains B vitamins like riboflavin (B2), which could help improve one's symptoms and carry out daily tasks more easily. One could include Other fatty fish in their meal regime, including cod, halibut, and mackerel. Dark chocolate Those who enjoy eating dark chocolate must know it may be suitable for controlling migraines. This food is rich in about 70 percent cacao. These ingredients contain magnesium and riboflavin, which help soothe inflamed blood vessels. As a result, dark chocolate lowers blood pressure, which is otherwise a trigger factor for migraines. However, too much dark chocolate could have other effects on the body. Therefore, one should eat this in moderation and after getting an opinion from a health care provider.

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