16 foods that help boost the immune system

16 foods that help boost the immune system

A strong immune system is important to maintain one’s health. While there is no magical cure against infections, building immunity can help prevent several illnesses, or recover faster. Adding a variety of foods rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals to one’s meals can help strengthen the immune system to fight off infection-causing pathogens. Here are 16 foods that can enhance immunity and help prevent illnesses.

Red bell peppers
Red bell peppers are one of the richest sources of vitamin C. A 100-gram serving of red bell pepper contains about 127.7 mg of vitamin C, which is 159 percent of one’s recommended daily intake. They are also a rich source of beta-carotene, which is converted into vitamin A. Due to their high vitamin content, red bell peppers are excellent for boosting immunity. Moreover, vitamin C helps keep skin healthy, while vitamin A contributes to healthy skin and eyes.

Blueberries
Blueberries contain a particular flavonoid called anthocyanin. This has potent antioxidant properties, which help strengthen the immune system, especially in the respiratory tract. According to studies, those who consume a healthy dose of flavonoids regularly are less likely to develop an upper respiratory tract infection in comparison to others.

Broccoli
A popular superfood, broccoli is packed with vitamins A, C, and E, fiber, and antioxidants, which help fortify immunity. To get the maximum benefit of its nutritional content, it is advisable to gently cook broccoli (by steaming or microwaving) or consume it raw.

Spinach
Spinach is another superfood that is packed with vitamins A, C, and E, and flavonoids. These nutrients and antioxidants help strengthen the immune system. It is advisable to lightly cook spinach to release nutrients from oxalic acid and for the easier absorption of vitamin A.

Ginger
A commonly used ingredient in recipes and healing traditions across the world, ginger has several anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. It contains gingerol, which can help reduce inflammation and sore throat and fight nausea. It may also help decrease chronic pain and reduce cholesterol.

Garlic
Garlic is another traditionally used ingredient. It contains sulfur-rich compounds such as allicin, which can help fight infections and slow down the hardening of the arteries. It may even help lower blood pressure levels.

Yogurt
Some types of yogurt contain live, active cultures, which act as probiotics and improve gut health. They may also strengthen the immune system to fight diseases. When buying yogurt, look for variants that have been fortified with vitamin D as it helps regulate the immune system. Further, for optimal nutrition, opt for plain yogurts without any added sugars. Turn it into a healthy midday snack option by adding some fruits and/or a drizzle of honey to it.

Sunflower seeds
Sunflower seeds are packed with nutrients such as phosphorus, magnesium, selenium, and vitamins B6 and E. These nutrients help regulate and support the immune system and keep infections at bay.

Turmeric
Its anti-inflammatory properties make turmeric a great addition to food and traditional home remedies alike. It has been used in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. These properties can be accorded to its main active ingredient, curcumin, which acts as an immunity booster. According to research, it may also help reduce exercise-related muscle damage.

Green tea
Green and black teas are rich in flavonoids, which can help strengthen the immune system. Green tea also contains epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which has antioxidant and antiviral properties that help boost immunity levels.

Papaya
Papayas are a rich source of vitamin C and they also contain potassium, magnesium, and folate, which can help improve immunity. The enzyme found in papaya, called papain, also has anti-inflammatory effects.

Kiwi
Kiwis are another rich source of antioxidants and essential nutrients such as folate, potassium, and vitamins K and C, which help support the immune system and prevent infections.

Chicken and turkey
Poultry such as chicken and turkey are a rich source of vitamin B6, which can help reduce inflammation and improve immunity. Vitamin B6 also plays a crucial role in the formation of new red blood cells. For improved benefits, make stock or broth by boiling leftover chicken bones in water. The bones contain gelatin, chondroitin, and other nutrients, which can help improve gut health and bolster immunity.

Almonds
Almonds are a rich source of vitamin E and healthy fats. Vitamin E is a potent antioxidant, which can help support the immune system. A half-cup serving of almonds can give adults their daily recommended intake of vitamin E (15 mg).

Citrus fruits
Vitamin C is vital for strengthening the immune system. Research suggests that it increases the production of infection-fighting white blood cells. Citrus fruits such as grapefruits, oranges, tangerines, lemons, and limes are some of the best sources of vitamin C. Since the body does not produce or store vitamin C, it is important to watch one’s daily consumption and meet the recommended amounts (90 mg for adult men and 75 mg for adult women).

Fish
Different varieties of fish can help boost immune function and improve overall health. These include:

  • Fatty fish: Fatty fish such as albacore tuna, herring, mackerel, sardines, and trout, are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have anti-inflammatory properties.
  • Shellfish: Some types of shellfish such as oysters, crabs, lobsters, and mussels are rich sources of zinc, which supports the immune system. However, for optimal immune function, it is advisable to meet the daily recommended intake for zinc (11 grams for adult men, and 8 grams for most adult women) and avoid overconsumption.

It is important to watch one’s fish intake closely, as some fish may contain traces of mercury or other contaminants that may cause poisoning in fetuses and children. Pregnant women must consult their doctors before adding fish to their meal plans.

Apart from these foods, some other immune system-boosting foods include strawberries, elderberries, sweet potatoes, button mushrooms, acai berries, miso, pomegranates, avocados, and watermelons.

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Foods to Eat and Avoid for Optimal Kidney Health

Kidneys help filter waste from the blood and dispose of it off the body via urine. They also help balance the electrolyte and fluid levels in the body. But, conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes may intervene with their ability to work as required. Furthermore, damage to the kidney might also result in chronic kidney disease. Hence making changes in your meal plan is a vital aspect of treatment. You can prevent damage to these organs by following a kidney-healthy meal plan. Below, we will address some foods to eat and avoid for better kidney health. Foods to eat Cauliflower Cauliflower is a nutritious vegetable. It's an excellent source of folate, Vitamins B, K, and C. It's rich in anti-inflammatory compounds like indoles, a fiber source. In addition, you can use mashed cauliflower as a replacement for potatoes. For example, a cup of cooked cauliflower has 40 mg of phosphorous, 176 mg of potassium, and 19 mg of sodium. Sweet potatoes They are relatively similar to white potatoes but have more fiber content, resulting in them breaking down more gradually. Hence, you will experience a less spike in insulin levels. Sweet potatoes are also rich in vitamins and minerals like potassium that help balance the sodium levels in the body and lower their impact on the kidneys. But, since sweet potatoes have a high potassium content, people on dialysis or those with CKD should curtail the intake of this vegetable. Red bell peppers They are rich in flavor and low in potassium, but that is not the sole reason they are considered a hit among people with kidney disease. Red bell peppers have Vitamin C and A sources and are also high in fiber, folic acid, and B6 vitamin content. In addition, red bell peppers are also suitable because they have lycopene, an antioxidant that shields against some cancers. You can eat them raw with a dip, mix them into your salad, or enjoy them as an appetizer. Some people also like roasting bell peppers and using them as a topping for lettuce salads or sandwiches. Olive oil It contains healthy fat and has anti-inflammatory properties. Since it is monosaturated fat, it stays stable even at higher temperatures as you cook. Thus, switching to extra virgin olive oil can give you more antioxidants while you still enjoy your favorite dish. Green vegetables Leafy veggies like spinach, kale, romaine, arugula, and cabbage are hydrating, low in calories, and have high antioxidant and vitamin content. If you wish to be cautious about your mineral levels, you must opt for cabbage and arugula, which are nutrient-rich and lower in sodium, potassium, phosphorous, and calcium. In addition, kale and spinach have a high potassium content, which is ok for people seeking to improve their kidney health, but best for those already dealing with chronic kidney disease. Blueberries They are called superfoods because they are rich in antioxidants and are a low-calorie Vitamin-C and fiber source. You can stock them in abundance from your local grocery store or farmer’s market. You can also shop for frozen berries in the off-season and enjoy healthy smoothies. People with kidney diseases can also eat other berries like raspberries, cranberries, and strawberries. Apples Apples are low in potassium and rich in fiber when you eat them with peel. They also have a natural anti-inflammatory effect and are ideal for your kidneys. Foods to avoid Soda Soda has zero nutritional benefits and instead has high sugar content. It only adds to the extra calories. Some studies link high soda consumption to conditions like kidney disease, osteoporosis, dental problems, and metabolic syndrome. If you opt for their lower calorie alternative like coke zero, even that will do you no good, as it has no nutritional value and contains artificial sweeteners and additives. Hence, you must omit soda and opt for healthy beverages like water. If you do not enjoy plain water, add a slice or two of fresh fruit for added flavor. Avocados Avocadoes are known for their many nutritious qualities. They are rich in antioxidants, fiber, and heart-healthy fats. Even though consuming avocado is often considered healthy, people with kidney disease must avoid it as avocados have a high potassium content. An average-sized avocado has about 690 mg of potassium. If you love the taste and do not want to eliminate it, you can reduce the portion size to only 1/4th of the avocado. In addition, it will lower potassium intake.  Salty foods Sodium or salt is one of the most prevalent inclusions in foods you consume daily. However, their density is higher in processed foods. Salt results in water retention and may cause blood pressure, lung, and heart disease. Healthy kidneys work towards maintaining the correct fluid balance in the body. So, if your kidneys do not function as desired, the fluid balance may be disturbed. Hence, you must curtail sodium-rich foods like processed foods, packaged items, and soy sauce. When cooking meals at home, opt for low-sodium alternatives. You can replace salt with spices and herbs and keep the salt shaker off the table. Dairy Dairy products like yogurt, cheese, ice cream, and milk are rich in protein, calcium, and other vital nutrients. They also contain potassium and phosphorous. People with stage three kidney disease might want to curtail their potassium, phosphorous, and protein intake, which is high in dairy. So, you can instead reach out for dairy alternatives like rice, soy, or almond milk as they have lower potassium, phosphorous, and protein content than cow’s milk. Bananas Though naturally low in sodium, bananas' potassium content is significantly high. So, to ensure your kidney disease does not aggravate, monitor your potassium intake, and it might be challenging if the banana is your staple. Conclusion Whatever you eat or drink will affect your health regardless of any health issue. Therefore, maintaining a healthy weight and following a balanced meal plan are prerequisites to staying fit and controlling blood sugar levels. A kidney-healthy meal plan is less about eliminating certain foods but following portion control and finding a balance of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.

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12 common signs of a weak immune system

The immune system's function is to protect the body from harmful substances and germs. It works to prevent different health disorders and infections. However, when the immune system weakens, one may experience several symptoms. This can happen due to poor nutrition, stress, aging, or health conditions. These symptoms are not always indicative of a weak immune system. Therefore, it is recommended to consult a primary care doctor whenever any of these are experienced. Frequent infections One of the primary signs of a weakened immune system is frequent infections. When the immune system loses its strength, it produces fewer white blood cells and antibodies, which are essential in battling pathogens that cause infectious diseases. A person with a deficiency of these substances becomes highly vulnerable to frequent infections, including sinus infections, colds, ear infections, and urinary tract infections. Wounds that heal very slowly Under healthy circumstances, an injury such as a cut, burn, or scrape makes the skin go into damage control mode. The body responds by sending blood that contains essential nutrients, white blood cells, and antibodies to the affected area, which kickstarts the healing process. As a result, new skin starts to regenerate. However, the healing rate depends on the immune cells' health. If the immune system is weak, the functions of the body slow down, and the regeneration process can become sluggish, leading to delayed wound healing. Chronic fatigue If a person's immune system is weak, they may experience chronic fatigue, which feels similar to the exhaustion caused by the flu. This may indicate that their body's defenses are low. Symptoms include body pain and aches in muscles and joints, accompanied by a persistent feeling of exhaustion. Sometimes the fatigue is so severe that even basic daily activities become difficult. Rest or sleep may not alleviate the constant tiredness. Frequent oral infections The main function of the immune system is to fight off and kill bacteria that attack the body, including the mouth. When a person experiences recurring oral infections like gingivitis, canker sores, oral thrush, and periodontal disease, it may be a sign of a weakened immune system. These inflammatory diseases arise when there is an overgrowth of bacteria in the mouth, which the immune system is unable to fight off effectively, resulting in frequent infections. Recurrent digestive issues The gut is an important part of the digestive system that gets everything going. It works efficiently when there is a healthy number of good bacteria present. But, if the immune system is compromised, there is an imbalance in the number of good bacteria. So frequent stomach aches, diarrhea, gas, constipation, or other digestive problems become common complaints. The symptoms can last for more than a few days or even weeks. Frequent allergies When the immune system is compromised, it undergoes mild to drastic changes. Due to this, it is possible to be susceptible to frequent allergies. These can be triggered by dust, pollen, animal dander, certain chemicals in the air, and pollution. These symptoms may be new to most people and only occur when their immune system is compromised due to a health condition. As a result, they start experiencing allergic symptoms such as sneezing, nasal blockage, irritation in the throat and nose, headaches, and watery eyes. Mild fever If an individual is experiencing an elevated body temperature, it may indicate that the immune system is working harder than usual. This could be due to an impending infection or a potential flare-up of an autoimmune disorder. Headaches Headaches can sometimes be linked to the immune system. One possible cause is vasculitis, which occurs when a blood vessel becomes inflamed due to an infection or autoimmune disorder. Onset of autoimmune diseases Autoimmune diseases are immune system disorders. There are more than a hundred known autoimmune disorders. Some common ones include Crohn's disease, lupus, ulcerative colitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. These conditions occur when the immune system either becomes abnormally low or hyperactive. This causes the body to mistakenly attack its own healthy tissues and blood cells, which can lead to serious damage. The onset of an autoimmune health disorder can be a sign of a weak immune system. Slow recovery from any illness The immune system produces immune cells. These cells have nutrients such as proteins and other substances such as white blood cells. These help the body recover from illnesses like flu, cold, infections, and other health issues. But, if the immune system is weak, the production of immune cells becomes slow. There is a deficiency in the production of white blood cells. Moreover, the essential nutrients are unable to flow through the body efficiently. As a result, the body is unable to get back to a healthy state quickly after any type of sickness. Increased susceptibility to skin infections Those who have a weak immune system may experience frequent skin infections. They become susceptible to infections caused by bacteria and parasites that cause itching and rashes. Some people also experience Behcet's disease, dermatitis herpetiformis, dermatomyositis, and lichen planus. While these infections are rare under healthy circumstances, a compromised immune system cannot fight off these infection-causing pathogens. Prominent hair loss Immune cells released by the immune system play a vital role in the growth and regeneration of hair follicles. These cells contain protein, which is a key component of hair. If one's immune system is weak or compromised, it can affect hair growth and lead to weaker hair follicles, causing hair loss. While it's normal to lose about 100 strands of hair a day, excessive hair loss can be a cause for concern, especially if one finds clumps of hair in one's hand. If one experiences sudden or significant hair loss that can't be attributed to other factors, it may be related to a weakened immune system.

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